Notes on Brains

"When the presynaptic input arrives to assist the postsynaptic neuron to discharge action potentials, LTP (long-term potentiation) is observed, and when the presynaptic input arrives after the postsynaptic neuron discharges, LTD (long-term depression) is induced, revealing a causal-reward/acausal-punishment. This form of plasticity is referred to as spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP)"
(SOB,p533)